The downslope area where moving material decelerates and comes to rest. In avalanches this is where the flow spreads, loses energy, and deposits snow. In rockfall it is where blocks stop or accumulate. Terrain shape, roughness, vegetation, and obstacles control runout distance. Management focuses on keeping people and infrastructure out of expected deposition areas and on using catchment features to contain debris.
- INTRODUCTION
- BASIC ASPECTS OF (EUROPEAN) FOREST RESOURCES
- ECOLOGY OF TREES (autecology)
- FOREST ECOLOGY (synecology)
- REGIONAL FOREST TYPES (Forest biomes)
- FOREST STAND DESCRIPTION (inventory and monitoring)
- SILVICULTURE
- FOREST MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
- APPLICATIONS, EXAMPLES, AND CASE STUDIES
- 59. Regional silvicultural systems
- 60. Forest enterprises
- 61. Field experiments
- 62. Model forests
- 63. Urban forests
- 64. Case: Scandinavian industrial forestry
- 65. Case: City forest
- 66. Case: Atlantic production forest
- 67. Case: Mountain forest
- 68. Case: Mediterranean forest / Agroforestry
- 69. Case: Central European state forest enterprise
- 70. Case: central European private forest estate
- 71. Case: forest management for conservation
- OUTLOOK
